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Age and Ageing, Vol 29, 341-348, Copyright © 2000 by British Geriatrics Society

ARTICLES

Health ageing in urban and rural Britain: a comparison of exercise and diet

K Morgan, G Armstrong, F Huppert, C Brayne and W Solomou
Department of Human Sciences, Loughborough University, Leics LE11 3TU, UK; Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Sheffield University, School of Health and Related Research, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Corresponding author; e-mail: k.morgan@boro.ac.k

Objective: to compare exercise levels, and dietary intake of fruit and vegetables in representative samples of healthy elderly people living in rural and urban areas.Design: rural Cambridgeshire and urban Nottingham, UK.Participants: 2041 respondents (1021 in Cambridgeshire; 1020 in Nottingham) sampled from general practitioner lists.Main outcome measures: self-rated reports of health, exercise and food frequency.Results: within these samples of healthy elderly people, those living in rural Cambridgeshire were significantly more likely to consume fresh fruit [odds ratio (OR) = 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.52-2.16, P < 0.001] and green vegetables (OR = 3.70, 95% CI = 3.07-4.45, P < 0.001) daily in both the summer and winter months. While overall levels of activity were similar for both groups, the structure of activities differed, with the urban sample reporting significantly greater time spent walking.Conclusions: against current World Health Organisation recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption, respondents in rural areas reported a substantially 'healthier' diet than their urban peers. On the other hand, urban elderly people may enjoy greater cardiovascular protection from greater time spent walking.Keywords: ageing, diet, exercise, health, rural, urban
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