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Age and Ageing 2003; 32: 548-550
© 2003, British Geriatrics Society

Short Report

Cigarette smoking and cognitive performance in healthy Swedish adults

Robert D. Hill1, Lars-Göran Nilsson2, Lars Nyberg3 and Lars Bäckman4

1 Educational Psychology, University of Utah, 1705 East Campus Center Drive RM 327, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-9255, USA
2 Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
3 Department of Psychology, Ume University, Sweden
4 Stockholm Gerontology Center, Stockholm, Sweden

Address correspondence to: R. D. Hill. Fax: (+1) 801 581 5566. Email: bhill{at}ed.utah.edu

Abstract

Background: the relationship between cigarette smoking and cognitive function was examined in healthy Swedish adults who were participants in the Betula Prospective Cohort Study of Aging, Memory, and Health.

Subjects: the data are from those individuals in the Betula study who were self-reported continuous smokers contrasted to those who reported never smoking cigarettes.

Design: the dependent variables were cognitive tasks that varied with respect to difficulty and the demand they placed on processing resources.

Results: current smokers performed more poorly than never smokers on the more cognitively demanding tasks; namely, Block Design and free recall.

Conclusions: the findings were interpreted in the light of the assumption that cigarette smoking may exert its greatest deleterious effect on those cognitive tasks that place the heaviest demands on processing resources.

Keywords: cigarette, smoking, cognitive, performance, elderly

Received July 3, 2002; Revision received February 24, 2003. accepted in revised form February 24, 2003.


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