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Age and Ageing Advance Access originally published online on November 23, 2006
Age and Ageing 2007 36(1):23-29; doi:10.1093/ageing/afl123
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Copyright © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society.

Systematic Review

The risk of dementia with increased body mass index

Emmanuel C. Gorospe and Jatin K. Dave

Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 1620 Tremont Street, Boston, USA

Address correspondence to: J. K. Dave. Fax: +1 (617) 525 7739. Email: jkdave{at}partners.org

Background identification of modifiable risk factors is crucial in the prevention of dementia, given its limited treatment options. Studies on increased body mass index (BMI) as a risk factor for dementia show conflicting results.

Methods we systematically retrieved and reviewed longitudinal population-based studies on increased BMI and dementia using a standard protocol. We searched Medline (1966–2006), Ageline (1978–2006), PsychInfo (1966–2006), CINAHL (1982–2006), and other relevant databases, including the reference lists of theeligible aricles for review. Included studies were subjected to a quality assessment protocol.

Results we identified eight studies that met our selection criteria. These studies covered 1,688 cases of dementia from 28,697 participants. After adjustment for age, smoking, comorbidities, and other confounders, four studies presented significantly increased risk of dementia with elevated BMI.

Conclusion this systematic review supports the hypothesis that increased BMI is independently associated with increased risk of dementia. Long-term studies to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationship between obesity and dementia are needed.

Keywords: body mass index, dementia, elderly, obesity, systematic reviews

Received 16 May 2006; accepted in revised form 14 September 2006.


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